Neurogenic TOS occurs when there is some type of irritation, compression, or traction of the nerves of the brachial plexus, degrading their ability to function. Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome is the most common form of TOS, with some studies reporting a prevalence of up to 95% of all cases. Symptoms can vary depending on which structure is compressed.
These symptoms can arise due to compression of the brachial plexus (a large branch of nerves arising from the neck and upper thoracic spine), the axillary-subclavian vein, or the subclavian artery. What Is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?Īccording to Watson et al., TOS is “ a symptom complex characterized by pain, paresthesia (numbness and tingling), weakness and discomfort in the upper limb which is aggravated by elevation of the arms or by exaggerated movements of the head and neck. This article will discuss what thoracic outlet syndrome is, how it can impact a throwing athlete’s career, and possible treatments. Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a unique condition which many baseball athletes have experienced at some point in their careers. One of the less commonly discussed injuries which can also have serious implications is thoracic outlet syndrome. Rotator cuff and labral tears, as well as Tommy John surgery, have gotten a lot of focus over the years as major potential risks throwing athletes face as they continue their athletic careers. If these treatments do not help, surgery may be an option.In the baseball world, the most common injuries sustained by the throwing arm are well-publicized. If you develop blood clots you may be prescribed medicines to break them up (thrombolytics), and anticoagulants to prevent further clots developing. To relieve any pain and swelling, your GP may prescribe a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), such as naproxen or diclofenac. Seeing an occupational therapist may also be useful for advice about techniques to protect your back and neck while at work. Massage may also help release any tight or shortened neck tissues. Shoulder exercises can help stretch and strengthen the neck area and correct poor posture. If you have thoracic outlet syndrome, your GP may refer you for physiotherapy.
These symptoms vary widely from person to person. swelling in the affected arm (although this is rare).
Thoracic outlet syndrome skin#
pain in your neck and shoulder, which spreads into your arm – this may be constant or come and go.Symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome include: Not all people with a cervical rib develop thoracic outlet syndrome, and the syndrome can also be caused by other conditions. Thoracic outlet syndrome usually starts between 20 and 50 years of age, and is more likely to affect men than women.Īround 1 in 10 people with a cervical rib will get thoracic outlet syndrome. This is known as thoracic outlet syndrome. It's not usually a problem, but if it presses on nearby nerves and blood vessels, it can cause neck pain, numbness in the arm and other symptoms. It may be a fully formed bony rib or just a thin strand of tissue fibres.Ī cervical rib is an abnormality that's present from birth. You can have a cervical rib on the right, left, or on both sides. A cervical rib is an extra rib that forms above the first rib, growing from the base of the neck just above the collarbone.
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